batch_auto_20260713 202607131256465730 BOEM ESP geoESPIS ESPIS@boem.gov Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Seismic Survey Mitigation Measures and Protected Species Observer Reports CSA Ocean Sciences Inc. CSA Ocean Sciences Inc. This study provides the compilation and analysis of visual and acoustic observation data collected by protected species observers (PSOs). BOEM’s goal is to continue the evaluation of mitigation measures and their effectiveness and to have a more comprehensive and systemic review of mitigation effectiveness considering best available science related to marine protected species (marine mammals and sea turtles), sound types, and sound exposure and effects. PSO Information is collected as part of Notice to Lessees (NTL) and permit condition requirements issued to seismic operators in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015. Where applicable, similar data from NTL reporting between 2002 and 2008, and summarized in OCS Study BOEM 2012-015, are incorporated into the analyses. 279000 U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program https://doi.org/10.13039/100012475 M17PD00004 10.67297/9A1DC6 https://boem.gov/awardpages/100166