batch_auto_20260713 202607131256465730 BOEM ESP geoESPIS ESPIS@boem.gov Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Sediment-borne Wave Disturbances and Propagation and Potential Effects on Benthic Fauna University of Rhode Island University of Rhode Island The acoustical energy generated by impact pile driving creates Scholte waves which propagate along the water-seafloor. The objective of this study was to develop an understanding of Scholte wave particle motion produced during impact pile driving by conducting a transient finite element analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics (https://www.comsol.com/). The results from modeling an ideal scenario vs. a real-world environment provide insight into the potential for Scholte wave particle motion to impact benthic species in the vicinity pile driving activities. 500000 U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program https://doi.org/10.13039/100012475 M22AC00006 10.67297/9A1EB9 https://boem.gov/awardpages/100409